diff --git a/CMCore b/CMCore
index d70d3128..b7e0852b 160000
--- a/CMCore
+++ b/CMCore
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit d70d31288f601061a69f93b4970af6692e53a34b
+Subproject commit b7e0852bd4b781abbb8a0815f5f456b0f810ce95
diff --git a/CMSceneGraph b/CMSceneGraph
index a6a36803..3d69fc8b 160000
--- a/CMSceneGraph
+++ b/CMSceneGraph
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit a6a368031209ce23dc14e88acf45dd8298a19886
+Subproject commit 3d69fc8b48d844b9761ec7d9b1a357a5684a295e
diff --git a/example/common/VulkanAppFramework.h b/example/common/VulkanAppFramework.h
index c7256799..d2204572 100644
--- a/example/common/VulkanAppFramework.h
+++ b/example/common/VulkanAppFramework.h
@@ -216,16 +216,14 @@ public:
     {   
         if(!ri)return(false);
 
-        const PrimitiveDataBuffer *prb=ri->GetRenderBuffer();
-
         cb->Begin();
             cb->BindFramebuffer(rp,fb);
             cb->SetClearColor(0,clear_color);
             cb->BeginRenderPass();
                 cb->BindPipeline(ri->GetPipeline());
                 cb->BindDescriptorSets(ri->GetMaterial());
-                cb->BindVAB(ri);
-                cb->Draw(prb,ri->GetRenderData());
+                cb->BindRenderBuffer(ri->GetRenderBuffer());
+                cb->Draw(ri->GetRenderBuffer(),ri->GetRenderData());
             cb->EndRenderPass();
         cb->End();
 
diff --git a/inc/hgl/graph/MaterialRenderList.h b/inc/hgl/graph/MaterialRenderList.h
index 322b7c91..a8bab36c 100644
--- a/inc/hgl/graph/MaterialRenderList.h
+++ b/inc/hgl/graph/MaterialRenderList.h
@@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ private:
     struct RenderItem
     {
                 uint32_t                first;
-                uint32_t                count;
+                uint32_t                instance_count;
 
                 Pipeline *              pipeline;
                 MaterialInstance *      mi;
-        const   PrimitiveDataBuffer * prb;
+        const   PrimitiveDataBuffer *   pdb;
         const   PrimitiveRenderData *   prd;
 
     public:
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@ private:
 
 protected:
 
-            VABList *               vbo_list;
+            VABList *               vab_list;
 
             Pipeline *              last_pipeline;
-    const   PrimitiveDataBuffer * last_render_buf;
+    const   PrimitiveDataBuffer *   last_data_buffer;
     const   PrimitiveRenderData *   last_render_data;
 
     bool BindVAB(const PrimitiveDataBuffer *,const uint);
diff --git a/inc/hgl/graph/PrimitiveCreater.h b/inc/hgl/graph/PrimitiveCreater.h
index 8124aeca..f09cb521 100644
--- a/inc/hgl/graph/PrimitiveCreater.h
+++ b/inc/hgl/graph/PrimitiveCreater.h
@@ -22,9 +22,11 @@ protected:
 
     AnsiString      prim_name;
     PrimitiveData * prim_data;
-    
+
     uint32_t        vertices_number;  ///<顶点数量
 
+    void_pointer   *map_ptr_list;     ///<映射指针列表
+
     uint32_t        index_number;     ///<索引数量
     IndexType       index_type;       ///<索引类型
     IndexBuffer *   ibo;              ///<索引缓冲区
@@ -127,10 +129,10 @@ template<typename T> class VABMap
 
 public:
 
-    VABMap(PrimitiveCreater *pc,const AnsiString &name)
+    VABMap(PrimitiveCreater *c,const AnsiString &name)
     {
         pc=c;
-        vab_index=pc->GetVABIndex(name,T::GetVulkanFormat(),nullptr);
+        vab_index=pc->GetVABIndex(name,T::GetVulkanFormat());
 
         void *map_ptr=(T *)(pc->MapVAB(vab_index));
 
@@ -148,7 +150,7 @@ public:
 
     ~VABMap()
     {
-        if(vab)
+        if(pc&&vab_index>=0)
             pc->UnmapVAB(vab_index);
     }
 
diff --git a/inc/hgl/graph/VKCommandBuffer.h b/inc/hgl/graph/VKCommandBuffer.h
index a8ac408c..e56537ae 100644
--- a/inc/hgl/graph/VKCommandBuffer.h
+++ b/inc/hgl/graph/VKCommandBuffer.h
@@ -174,9 +174,9 @@ public:
         return(true);
     }
 
-    void BindIBO(IBAccess *);
+    void BindIBO(IndexBuffer *,const VkDeviceSize byte_offset=0);
 
-    bool BindVAB(Renderable *);
+    bool BindRenderBuffer(const PrimitiveDataBuffer *);
 
     void SetViewport        (uint32_t first,uint32_t count,const VkViewport *vp)    {vkCmdSetViewport(cmd_buf,first,count,vp);}
     void SetScissor         (uint32_t first,uint32_t count,const VkRect2D *sci)     {vkCmdSetScissor(cmd_buf,first,count,sci);}
@@ -213,8 +213,7 @@ public: //draw
                                 void DrawIndirect       (VkBuffer buf,          uint32_t drawCount,uint32_t stride=sizeof(VkDrawIndirectCommand         )){return DrawIndirect(         buf,0,drawCount,stride);}
                                 void DrawIndexedIndirect(VkBuffer buf,          uint32_t drawCount,uint32_t stride=sizeof(VkDrawIndexedIndirectCommand  )){return DrawIndexedIndirect(  buf,0,drawCount,stride);}
 
-                                void Draw               (const PrimitiveDataBuffer *prb,const PrimitiveRenderData *prd);
-//                                void DrawIndexed        (const IBAccess *iba,const uint32_t instance_count);
+                                void Draw               (const PrimitiveDataBuffer *prb,const PrimitiveRenderData *prd,const uint32_t instance_count=1,const uint32_t first_instance=0);
 
 public: //dynamic state
 };//class RenderCmdBuffer:public GPUCmdBuffer
diff --git a/inc/hgl/graph/VKPrimitive.h b/inc/hgl/graph/VKPrimitive.h
index 78e614d2..2f72e730 100644
--- a/inc/hgl/graph/VKPrimitive.h
+++ b/inc/hgl/graph/VKPrimitive.h
@@ -33,10 +33,14 @@ public:
 
     const   VkDeviceSize    GetVertexCount  ()const;
     const   int             GetVABCount     ()const;
+    const   int             GetVABIndex     (const AnsiString &name)const;
+            VAB *           GetVAB          (const int);            
+            VAB *           GetVAB          (const AnsiString &name){return GetVAB(GetVABIndex(name));}
+    const   int32_t         GetVertexOffset ()const;                        ///<取得顶点偏移(注意是顶点不是字节)
 
-            VABAccess *     GetVABAccess    (const AnsiString &);
-
+    const   uint32_t        GetIndexCount   ()const;
             IndexBuffer *   GetIBO          ();
+    const   uint32_t        GetFirstIndex   ()const;                        ///<取得第一个索引
 
     const   AABB &          GetBoundingBox  ()const{return BoundingBox;}
 };//class Primitive
diff --git a/inc/hgl/graph/VKRenderable.h b/inc/hgl/graph/VKRenderable.h
index 2da85927..66e7c078 100644
--- a/inc/hgl/graph/VKRenderable.h
+++ b/inc/hgl/graph/VKRenderable.h
@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@ struct PrimitiveDataBuffer
 
 public:
 
-    PrimitiveDataBuffer(const uint32_t,const uint32_t, IndexBuffer *);
+    PrimitiveDataBuffer(const uint32_t,IndexBuffer *);
     ~PrimitiveDataBuffer();
 
-    const bool Comp(const PrimitiveDataBuffer *prb)const;
+    const bool Comp(const PrimitiveDataBuffer *pdb)const;
 };//struct PrimitiveDataBuffer
 
 /**
@@ -43,19 +43,27 @@ public:
 */
 struct PrimitiveRenderData
 {
-    uint            vab_count;
-    uint32_t        vertex_count;
-    uint32_t        index_count;
+    //因为要VAB是流式访问，所以我们这个结构会被用做排序依据
+    //也因此，把vertex_offset放在最前面
 
     int32_t         vertex_offset;  //注意：这里的offset是相对于vertex的，代表第几个顶点，不是字节偏移
     uint32_t        first_index;
 
+    uint32_t        vertex_count;
+    uint32_t        index_count;
+
 public:
 
-    PrimitiveRenderData(const uint32_t bc,const uint32_t vc);
-    ~PrimitiveRenderData();
+    PrimitiveRenderData(const uint32_t vc,const uint32_t ic,const int32_t vo=0,const uint32_t fi=0)
+    {
+        vertex_count    =vc;
+        index_count     =ic;
+        vertex_offset   =vo;
+        first_index     =fi;
+    }
 
-    const bool Comp(const PrimitiveRenderData *)const;
+    CompOperatorMemcmp(const PrimitiveRenderData &);
+    CompOperatorMemcmpPointer(PrimitiveRenderData);
 };
 
 /**
@@ -95,8 +103,8 @@ public:
             Primitive *         GetPrimitive        (){return primitive;}
     const   AABB &              GetBoundingBox      ()const{return primitive->GetBoundingBox();}
 
-    const   PrimitiveDataBuffer * GetRenderBuffer ()const{return primitive_data_buffer;}
-    const   PrimitiveRenderData *   GetRenderData   ()const{return primitive_render_data;}
+    const   PrimitiveDataBuffer *GetRenderBuffer    ()const{return primitive_data_buffer;}
+    const   PrimitiveRenderData *GetRenderData      ()const{return primitive_render_data;}
 };//class Renderable
 
 Renderable *CreateRenderable(Primitive *,MaterialInstance *,Pipeline *);
diff --git a/src/SceneGraph/MaterialRenderList.cpp b/src/SceneGraph/MaterialRenderList.cpp
index a4458d57..2eb0729e 100644
--- a/src/SceneGraph/MaterialRenderList.cpp
+++ b/src/SceneGraph/MaterialRenderList.cpp
@@ -55,12 +55,12 @@ MaterialRenderList::MaterialRenderList(GPUDevice *d,bool l2w,Material *m)
 
     assign_buffer=new RenderAssignBuffer(device,material);
 
-    vbo_list=new VABList(material->GetVertexInput()->GetCount());
+    vab_list=new VABList(material->GetVertexInput()->GetCount());
 }
 
 MaterialRenderList::~MaterialRenderList()
 {
-    SAFE_CLEAR(vbo_list);
+    SAFE_CLEAR(vab_list);
     SAFE_CLEAR(assign_buffer);
 }
 
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ void MaterialRenderList::RenderItem::Set(Renderable *ri)
 {
     pipeline=ri->GetPipeline();
     mi      =ri->GetMaterialInstance();
-    prb     =ri->GetRenderBuffer();
+    pdb     =ri->GetRenderBuffer();
     prd     =ri->GetRenderData();
 }
 
@@ -110,11 +110,11 @@ void MaterialRenderList::Stat()
     ri_count=1;
 
     ri->first=0;
-    ri->count=1;
+    ri->instance_count=1;
     ri->Set(rn->ri);
 
     last_pipeline   =ri->pipeline;
-    last_render_buf =ri->prb;
+    last_data_buffer =ri->pdb;
     last_render_data=ri->prd;
 
     ++rn;
@@ -122,10 +122,10 @@ void MaterialRenderList::Stat()
     for(uint i=1;i<count;i++)
     {
         if(last_pipeline==rn->ri->GetPipeline())
-            if(last_render_buf->Comp(rn->ri->GetRenderBuffer()))
-                if(last_render_data->Comp(rn->ri->GetRenderData()))
+            if(last_data_buffer->Comp(rn->ri->GetRenderBuffer()))
+                if(last_render_data->_Comp(rn->ri->GetRenderData())==0)
                 {
-                    ++ri->count;
+                    ++ri->instance_count;
                     ++rn;
                     continue;
                 }
@@ -134,18 +134,18 @@ void MaterialRenderList::Stat()
         ++ri;
 
         ri->first=i;
-        ri->count=1;
+        ri->instance_count=1;
         ri->Set(rn->ri);
 
         last_pipeline   =ri->pipeline;
-        last_render_buf =ri->prb;
+        last_data_buffer =ri->pdb;
         last_render_data=ri->prd;
 
         ++rn;
     }
 }
 
-bool MaterialRenderList::BindVAB(const PrimitiveDataBuffer *prb,const uint ri_index)
+bool MaterialRenderList::BindVAB(const PrimitiveDataBuffer *pdb,const uint ri_index)
 {
     //binding号都是在VertexInput::CreateVIL时连续紧密排列生成的，所以bind时first_binding写0就行了。
 
@@ -154,19 +154,19 @@ bool MaterialRenderList::BindVAB(const PrimitiveDataBuffer *prb,const uint ri_in
     //if(vil->GetCount(VertexInputGroup::Basic)!=prb->vab_count)
     //    return(false);                                                  //这里基本不太可能，因为CreateRenderable时就会检查值是否一样
 
-    vbo_list->Restart();
+    vab_list->Restart();
 
     //Basic组，它所有的VAB信息均来自于Primitive，由vid参数传递进来
     {
-        vbo_list->Add(prb->vab_list,
-                      prb->vab_offset,
-                      prb->vab_count);
+        vab_list->Add(pdb->vab_list,
+                      nullptr,//prb->vab_offset,
+                      pdb->vab_count);
     }
 
     if(assign_buffer) //L2W/MI分发组
-        vbo_list->Add(assign_buffer->GetVAB(),0);//ASSIGN_VAB_STRIDE_BYTES*ri_index);
+        vab_list->Add(assign_buffer->GetVAB(),0);//ASSIGN_VAB_STRIDE_BYTES*ri_index);
 
-    //if(!vbo_list.IsFull()) //Joint组，暂未支持
+    //if(!vab_list.IsFull()) //Joint组，暂未支持
     //{
     //    const uint joint_id_binding_count=vil->GetCount(VertexInputGroup::JointID);
 
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ bool MaterialRenderList::BindVAB(const PrimitiveDataBuffer *prb,const uint ri_in
     //    return(false);
     //}
 
-    cmd_buf->BindVAB(vbo_list);
+    cmd_buf->BindVAB(vab_list);
 
     return(true);
 }
@@ -213,36 +213,23 @@ void MaterialRenderList::Render(RenderItem *ri)
         cmd_buf->BindPipeline(ri->pipeline);
         last_pipeline=ri->pipeline;
 
-        last_render_buf=nullptr;
+        last_data_buffer=nullptr;
 
         //这里未来尝试换pipeline同时不换mi/primitive是否需要重新绑定mi/primitive
     }
 
-    if(!ri->prb->Comp(last_render_buf))
+    if(!ri->pdb->Comp(last_data_buffer))
     {
-        last_render_buf=ri->prb;
+        last_data_buffer=ri->pdb;
         last_render_data=nullptr;
 
-        BindVAB(ri->prb,ri->first);
+        BindVAB(ri->pdb,ri->first);
 
-        if(ri->prb->ib_access->buffer)
-        cmd_buf->BindIBO(ri->prb->ib_access);
+        if(ri->pdb->ibo)
+        cmd_buf->BindIBO(ri->pdb->ibo);
     }
 
-    if(last_render_buf->ib_access->buffer)
-    {
-        cmd_buf->DrawIndexed(ri->prd->index_count,
-                             ri->count,
-                             ri->prd->first_index,
-                             ri->prd->vertex_offset,    //因为vkCmdDrawIndexed的vertexOffset是针对所有VAB的，所以所有的VAB数据都必须是对齐的，
-                                                        //最终这里使用vab_offset[0]是可以的，因为它也等于其它所有的vab_offset。未来考虑统一成一个。
-                             ri->first);                //这里vkCmdDrawIndexed的firstInstance参数指的是instance Rate更新的VAB的起始实例数，不是指instance批量渲染。
-                                                        //所以这里使用ri->first是对的。
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        cmd_buf->Draw(ri->prd->vertex_count,ri->count);
-    }
+    cmd_buf->Draw(ri->pdb,ri->prd,ri->instance_count,ri->first);
 }
 
 void MaterialRenderList::Render(RenderCmdBuffer *rcb)
@@ -259,7 +246,7 @@ void MaterialRenderList::Render(RenderCmdBuffer *rcb)
     RenderItem *ri=ri_array.GetData();
 
     last_pipeline   =nullptr;
-    last_render_buf =nullptr;
+    last_data_buffer =nullptr;
 
     if(assign_buffer)
         assign_buffer->Bind(material);
diff --git a/src/SceneGraph/PrimitiveCreater.cpp b/src/SceneGraph/PrimitiveCreater.cpp
index f3a0e234..e4510d31 100644
--- a/src/SceneGraph/PrimitiveCreater.cpp
+++ b/src/SceneGraph/PrimitiveCreater.cpp
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ PrimitiveCreater::PrimitiveCreater(GPUDevice *dev,const VIL *v)
 
     prim_data       =nullptr;
 
+    map_ptr_list    =hgl_zero_new<void_pointer>(v->GetVertexAttribCount());
+
     Clear();
 }
 
@@ -29,6 +31,7 @@ PrimitiveCreater::PrimitiveCreater(VertexDataManager *_vdm)
 PrimitiveCreater::~PrimitiveCreater()
 {
     SAFE_CLEAR(prim_data);
+    SAFE_CLEAR_ARRAY(map_ptr_list)
 }
 
 void PrimitiveCreater::Clear()
@@ -120,9 +123,7 @@ const int PrimitiveCreater::GetVABIndex(const AnsiString &name,const VkFormat &a
     VAB *vab=prim_data->GetVAB(vab_index);
 
     if(!vab)
-        return(-1);
-
-    vab=prim_data->InitVAB(vab_index,acquire_format,nullptr);
+        vab=prim_data->InitVAB(vab_index,acquire_format,nullptr);
 
     if(!vab)
         return(-1);
@@ -145,16 +146,23 @@ const int PrimitiveCreater::GetVABIndex(const AnsiString &name,const VkFormat &a
 
 void *PrimitiveCreater::MapVAB(const int vab_index)
 {
+    if(!prim_data)
+        return(nullptr);
+
     VAB *vab=prim_data->GetVAB(vab_index);
 
     if(!vab)
         return(nullptr);
 
-    return vab->Map(prim_data->GetVertexOffset(),vertices_number);
+    map_ptr_list[vab_index]=vab->Map(prim_data->GetVertexOffset(),vertices_number);
+
+    return map_ptr_list[vab_index];
 }
 
 void PrimitiveCreater::UnmapVAB(const int vab_index)
 {
+    if(!prim_data)return;
+
     VAB *vab=prim_data->GetVAB(vab_index);
 
     if(!vab)return;
@@ -208,6 +216,13 @@ Primitive *PrimitiveCreater::Create()
     if(!prim_data)
         return(nullptr);
 
+    for(int i=0;i<vil->GetVertexAttribCount();i++)
+        if(map_ptr_list[i])
+        {
+            prim_data->GetVAB(i)->Unmap();
+            map_ptr_list[i]=nullptr;
+        }
+
     Primitive *primitive=new Primitive(prim_name,prim_data);
 
     if(!primitive)
diff --git a/src/SceneGraph/VertexDataManager.cpp b/src/SceneGraph/VertexDataManager.cpp
index 1a91f06f..036d6c3f 100644
--- a/src/SceneGraph/VertexDataManager.cpp
+++ b/src/SceneGraph/VertexDataManager.cpp
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ namespace hgl
             device=dev;
 
             vil=_vil;
-            vi_count=_vil->GetCount();
+            vi_count=_vil->GetVertexAttribCount();
             vif_list=_vil->GetVIFList();     //来自于Material，不会被释放，所以指针有效
 
             vab_max_size=0;
diff --git a/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKCommandBufferRender.cpp b/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKCommandBufferRender.cpp
index 837fe54e..41be882e 100644
--- a/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKCommandBufferRender.cpp
+++ b/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKCommandBufferRender.cpp
@@ -130,39 +130,32 @@ bool RenderCmdBuffer::BindDescriptorSets(Material *mtl)
     return(true);
 }
 
-void RenderCmdBuffer::BindIBO(IBAccess *iba)
+void RenderCmdBuffer::BindIBO(IndexBuffer *ibo,const VkDeviceSize byte_offset)
 {
-    if(!iba)return;
-    
-    IndexBuffer *ibo=iba->buffer;
-
     if(!ibo)return;
-
+    
     vkCmdBindIndexBuffer(cmd_buf,
                          ibo->GetBuffer(),
-                         iba->start*ibo->GetStride(),
+                         byte_offset,
                          VkIndexType(ibo->GetType()));
 }
 
-bool RenderCmdBuffer::BindVAB(Renderable *ri)
+bool RenderCmdBuffer::BindRenderBuffer(const PrimitiveDataBuffer *pdb)
 {
-    if(!ri)
+    if(!pdb)
         return(false);
 
-    const PrimitiveDataBuffer *prb=ri->GetRenderBuffer();
-
-    if(prb->vab_count<=0)
+    if(pdb->vab_count<=0)
         return(false);
 
-    const PrimitiveRenderData *prd=ri->GetRenderData();
+    vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(cmd_buf,
+                           0,               //first binding
+                           pdb->vab_count,
+                           pdb->vab_list,
+                           nullptr);        //vab byte offsets
 
-    if(prd->vertex_count<=0)
-        return(false);
-
-    vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(cmd_buf,0,prb->vab_count,prb->vab_list,prb->vab_offset);
-
-    if(prb->ib_access->buffer)
-        BindIBO(prb->ib_access);
+    if(pdb->ibo)
+        BindIBO(pdb->ibo);
 
     return(true);
 }
@@ -191,15 +184,24 @@ void RenderCmdBuffer::DrawIndexedIndirect(  VkBuffer        buffer,
         vkCmdDrawIndexedIndirect(cmd_buf,buffer,offset+i*stride,1,stride);
 }
 
-void RenderCmdBuffer::Draw(const PrimitiveDataBuffer *prb,const PrimitiveRenderData *prd)
+void RenderCmdBuffer::Draw(const PrimitiveDataBuffer *prb,const PrimitiveRenderData *prd,const uint32_t instance_count,const uint32_t first_instance)
 {
     if(!prb||!prd)
         return;
 
-    if (prb->ib_access->buffer)
-        DrawIndexed(prd->index_count);
+    if (prb->ibo)
+        vkCmdDrawIndexed(   cmd_buf,
+                            prd->index_count,
+                            instance_count,
+                            prd->first_index,
+                            prd->vertex_offset, //这里的vertexOffset是针对所有VAB的
+                            first_instance);    //这里的first_instance针对的是instance Rate更新的VAB的起始实例数，不是指instance批量渲染
     else
-        Draw(prd->vertex_count);
+        vkCmdDraw(          cmd_buf,
+                            prd->vertex_count,
+                            instance_count,
+                            prd->vertex_offset,
+                            first_instance);
 }
 
 //void RenderCmdBuffer::DrawIndexed(const IBAccess *iba,const uint32_t instance_count)
diff --git a/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKPrimitive.cpp b/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKPrimitive.cpp
index d754fb17..490fa2aa 100644
--- a/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKPrimitive.cpp
+++ b/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKPrimitive.cpp
@@ -51,14 +51,24 @@ const int Primitive::GetVABCount()const
     return prim_data->GetVABCount();
 }
 
-VABAccess *Primitive::GetVABAccess(const AnsiString &name)
+const int Primitive::GetVABIndex(const AnsiString &name)const
 {
-    return prim_data->GetVABAccess(name);
+    return prim_data->GetVABIndex(name);
 }
 
-IBAccess *Primitive::GetIBAccess()
+VAB *Primitive::GetVAB(const int vab_index)
 {
-    return prim_data->GetIBAccess();
+    return prim_data->GetVAB(vab_index);
+}
+
+const int32_t Primitive::GetVertexOffset()const
+{
+    return prim_data->GetVertexOffset();
+}
+
+const uint32_t Primitive::GetIndexCount()const
+{
+    return prim_data->GetIndexCount();
 }
 
 IndexBuffer *Primitive::GetIBO()
@@ -66,4 +76,8 @@ IndexBuffer *Primitive::GetIBO()
     return prim_data->GetIBO();
 }
 
+const uint32_t Primitive::GetFirstIndex()const
+{
+    return prim_data->GetFirstIndex();
+}
 VK_NAMESPACE_END
diff --git a/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKPrimitiveData.cpp b/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKPrimitiveData.cpp
index 1c4eace2..ab95081f 100644
--- a/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKPrimitiveData.cpp
+++ b/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKPrimitiveData.cpp
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ PrimitiveData::PrimitiveData(const VIL *_vil,const uint32_t vc)
 
     vertex_count=vc;
 
-    vab_list=hgl_zero_new<VAB *>(_vil->GetCount());
+    vab_list=hgl_zero_new<VAB *>(_vil->GetVertexAttribCount());
 
     ibo=nullptr;
 }
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ PrimitiveData::~PrimitiveData()
 
 const int PrimitiveData::GetVABCount()const
 {
-    return vil->GetCount();
+    return vil->GetVertexAttribCount();
 }
 
 const int PrimitiveData::GetVABIndex(const AnsiString &name) const
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ const int PrimitiveData::GetVABIndex(const AnsiString &name) const
 
 VAB *PrimitiveData::GetVAB(const int index)
 {
-    if(index<0||index>=vil->GetCount())return(nullptr);
+    if(index<0||index>=vil->GetVertexAttribCount())return(nullptr);
 
     return vab_list[index];
 }
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ namespace
         {
             VAB **vab=vab_list;
 
-            for(uint i=0;i<vil->GetCount();i++)
+            for(uint i=0;i<vil->GetVertexAttribCount();i++)
             {
                 if(*vab)
                     delete *vab;
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ namespace
             if(!device)return(nullptr);
             if(!vil)return(nullptr);
 
-            if(vab_index<0||vab_index>=vil->GetCount())
+            if(vab_index<0||vab_index>=vil->GetVertexAttribCount())
                 return(nullptr);
 
             const VertexInputFormat *vif=vil->GetConfig(vab_index);
@@ -159,14 +159,14 @@ namespace
                 vdm->ReleaseVAB(vab_node);
         }
         
-        IndexBuffer *InitIBO(const uint32_t index_count,IndexType it) override
+        IndexBuffer *InitIBO(const uint32_t ic,IndexType it) override
         {
-            if(index_count<=0)return(nullptr);
+            if(ic<=0)return(nullptr);
             if(!vdm)return(nullptr);
 
             if(!ib_node)
             {
-                ib_node=vdm->AcquireIB(index_count);
+                ib_node=vdm->AcquireIB(ic);
 
                 if(!ib_node)
                     return(nullptr);
@@ -174,6 +174,8 @@ namespace
                 ibo=vdm->GetIBO();
             }
 
+            index_count=ic;
+
             return ibo;
         }
         
@@ -182,7 +184,7 @@ namespace
             if(!vdm)return(nullptr);
             if(!vil)return(nullptr);
 
-            if (vab_index<0||vab_index>=vil->GetCount())
+            if (vab_index<0||vab_index>=vil->GetVertexAttribCount())
                 return(nullptr);
 
             const VertexInputFormat *vif=vil->GetConfig(vab_index);
diff --git a/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKPrimitiveData.h b/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKPrimitiveData.h
index 150a3a99..9b7b15d5 100644
--- a/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKPrimitiveData.h
+++ b/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKPrimitiveData.h
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ public:
     const   int             GetVABCount     ()const;
     const   int             GetVABIndex     (const AnsiString &name)const;
             VAB *           GetVAB          (const int index);
+            VAB *           GetVAB          (const AnsiString &name){return GetVAB(GetVABIndex(name));}
 
             IndexBuffer *   GetIBO          (){return ibo;}
             uint32_t        GetIndexCount   ()const{return index_count;}
diff --git a/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKRenderable.cpp b/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKRenderable.cpp
index 896fc46f..98068eab 100644
--- a/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKRenderable.cpp
+++ b/src/SceneGraph/Vulkan/VKRenderable.cpp
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #include<hgl/log/LogInfo.h>
 
 VK_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
-PrimitiveDataBuffer::PrimitiveDataBuffer(const uint32_t c,const uint32_t vc, IndexBuffer *ib)
+PrimitiveDataBuffer::PrimitiveDataBuffer(const uint32_t c,IndexBuffer *ib)
 {
     vab_count=c;
 
@@ -20,60 +20,39 @@ PrimitiveDataBuffer::~PrimitiveDataBuffer()
     delete[] vab_list;
 }
 
-const bool PrimitiveDataBuffer::Comp(const PrimitiveDataBuffer *prb)const
+const bool PrimitiveDataBuffer::Comp(const PrimitiveDataBuffer *pdb)const
 {
-    if(!prb)return(false);
+    if(!pdb)return(false);
 
-    if(vab_count!=prb->vab_count)return(false);
+    if(vab_count!=pdb->vab_count)return(false);
 
     for(uint32_t i=0;i<vab_count;i++)
     {
-        if(vab_list[i]!=prb->vab_list[i])return(false);
+        if(vab_list[i]!=pdb->vab_list[i])return(false);
     }
 
-    if(ibo!=prb->ibo)
+    if(ibo!=pdb->ibo)
         return(false);
 
     return(true);
 }
 
-Renderable::Renderable(Primitive *r,MaterialInstance *mi,Pipeline *p,PrimitiveDataBuffer *prb,PrimitiveRenderData *prd)
+Renderable::Renderable(Primitive *r,MaterialInstance *mi,Pipeline *p,PrimitiveDataBuffer *pdb,PrimitiveRenderData *prd)
 {
     primitive=r;
     pipeline=p;
     mat_inst=mi;
 
-    primitive_data_buffer=prb;
+    primitive_data_buffer=pdb;
     primitive_render_data=prd;
 }
-
-PrimitiveRenderData::PrimitiveRenderData(const uint32_t bc,const uint32_t vc)
-{
-    vab_count=bc;
-
-    vertex_count=vc;
-    vertex_offset=0;
-
-    first_index=0;
-}
-
-PrimitiveRenderData::~PrimitiveRenderData()
-{
-}
-
-const bool PrimitiveRenderData::Comp(const PrimitiveRenderData *prd)const
-{
-    if(!prd)return(false);
-    
-    return !memcmp(this,prd,sizeof(PrimitiveRenderData));
-}
  
 Renderable *CreateRenderable(Primitive *prim,MaterialInstance *mi,Pipeline *p)
 {
     if(!prim||!mi||!p)return(nullptr);
 
     const VIL *vil=mi->GetVIL();
-    const uint32_t input_count=vil->GetCount(VertexInputGroup::Basic);       //不统计Bone/LocalToWorld组的
+    const uint32_t input_count=vil->GetVertexAttribCount(VertexInputGroup::Basic);       //不统计Bone/LocalToWorld组的
     const UTF8String &mtl_name=mi->GetMaterial()->GetName();
 
     if(prim->GetVABCount()<input_count)        //小于材质要求的数量？那自然是不行的
@@ -83,51 +62,50 @@ Renderable *CreateRenderable(Primitive *prim,MaterialInstance *mi,Pipeline *p)
         return(nullptr);
     }
 
-    PrimitiveDataBuffer *prb=new PrimitiveDataBuffer(input_count,prim->GetVertexCount(),prim->GetIBO());
-    PrimitiveRenderData *prd=new PrimitiveRenderData(input_count,prim->GetVertexCount());
+    PrimitiveDataBuffer *pdb=new PrimitiveDataBuffer(input_count,prim->GetIBO());
+    PrimitiveRenderData *prd=new PrimitiveRenderData(prim->GetVertexCount(),prim->GetIndexCount(),prim->GetVertexOffset(),prim->GetFirstIndex());
 
     const VertexInputFormat *vif=vil->GetVIFList(VertexInputGroup::Basic);
 
-    VABAccess *vab_access;
+    VAB *vab;
 
     for(uint i=0;i<input_count;i++)
     {
         //注: VIF来自于材质，但VAB来自于Primitive。
         //    两个并不一定一样，排序也不一定一样。所以不能让PRIMTIVE直接提供BUFFER_LIST/OFFSET来搞一次性绑定。
 
-        vab_access=prim->GetVABAccess(vif->name);
+        vab=prim->GetVAB(vif->name);
 
-        if(!vab_access||!vab_access->vab)
+        if(!vab)
         {
             LOG_ERROR("[FATAL ERROR] not found VAB \""+AnsiString(vif->name)+"\" in Material: "+mtl_name);
             return(nullptr);
         }
 
-        if(vab_access->vab->GetFormat()!=vif->format)
+        if(vab->GetFormat()!=vif->format)
         {
             LOG_ERROR(  "[FATAL ERROR] VAB \""+UTF8String(vif->name)+
                         UTF8String("\" format can't match Renderable, Material(")+mtl_name+
                         UTF8String(") Format(")+GetVulkanFormatName(vif->format)+
-                        UTF8String("), VAB Format(")+GetVulkanFormatName(vab_access->vab->GetFormat())+
+                        UTF8String("), VAB Format(")+GetVulkanFormatName(vab->GetFormat())+
                         ")");
             return(nullptr);
         }
 
-        if(vab_access->vab->GetStride()!=vif->stride)
+        if(vab->GetStride()!=vif->stride)
         {
             LOG_ERROR(  "[FATAL ERROR] VAB \""+UTF8String(vif->name)+
                         UTF8String("\" stride can't match Renderable, Material(")+mtl_name+
                         UTF8String(") stride(")+UTF8String::numberOf(vif->stride)+
-                        UTF8String("), VAB stride(")+UTF8String::numberOf(vab_access->vab->GetStride())+
+                        UTF8String("), VAB stride(")+UTF8String::numberOf(vab->GetStride())+
                         ")");
             return(nullptr);
         }
 
-        prb->vab_offset[i]=vab_access->start;
-        prb->vab_list[i]=vab_access->vab->GetBuffer();
+        pdb->vab_list[i]=vab->GetBuffer();
         ++vif;
     }
 
-    return(new Renderable(prim,mi,p,prb,prd));
+    return(new Renderable(prim,mi,p,pdb,prd));
 }
 VK_NAMESPACE_END